Distribution: Distributed across the Mississippi River drainage as far east as western Pennsylvania, as far west as Minnesota, and south to Oklahoma and Arkansas. Occurs in the Ohio, Tennessee, and Cumberland systems. Also occurs in the Mobile Basin in the Tombigbee and Alabama River systems. In Oklahoma, occurs in the Verdigris, Neosho, Kiamichi, and Little River systems.

Life History and Ecology: Reaches its greatest abundance in large rivers in stretches with pronounced current and coarse sand and gravel substrate. Has been reported to adapt to some impoundments. Long-term brooder that is thought to specialize on freshwater drum. Periodic life history strategy. Widespread in eastern Oklahoma streams and rivers where it is often the dominant species in a mussel bed.

Special Status: none

Shell Description: click here for shell description